The Effects of Job Autonomy on Work Outcomes: Self Efficacy as an Intervening Variable
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21632/irjbs.4.3.203-215Keywords:
Job autonomy, Job Satisfaction, Job performance, Job Stress, Self efficacyAbstract
The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between job autonomy and work outcomes (job performance, job satisfaction and job stress), self efficacy as a mediating variable. This research also investigated the impact of job satisfaction on job performance and job stress on job performance. Variables in this research were measured via a survey of 190 banking salespersons in D.I. Yogyakarta and Solo. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were used to examine the effects of job autonomy on work outcomes, job satisfaction on job performance, and job stress on job performance. Results showed that the estimated model in this research is acceptable based on its score of the goodness of fit index. The structural relationship showed that job autonomy significantly related to job satisfaction and performance, but not significant with job stress. It also showed that self efficacy partially mediated the relationship between job autonomy and job satisfaction, and job performance. In addition, this research found that self efficacy not mediated the relationship between job autonomy and job stress. There was no significant relationship between job autonomy and job performance but this research showed that job satisfaction significantly related to job performance. Finally, these results had an important implication to managers in designing job.
References
Bandura, Albert. (1997). Self-efficacy: The Exercise of Control. W.H. Freemand and company.
Breaugh, James A. (1999). Futher Investigation of The Work Autonomy Scales: Two Studies. Journal of Business and Psychology. Vol. 13, No. 3, Spring.
Claessens, Brigitte; Eerde, Wendelien; Rutte,Christel; Roe, Robert (2004). Planning Behavior and Perceived control of time at Work. Journal of Organizational Behavior. Vol. 25, pp.937-950
Cohrs, J. Christopher; Abele, Andrea E. & Dette, Dorothea E. (2006). Integrating Situational and Dispositional Determinants of Job Satisfaction: Findings From Three Samples of Professionals. The Journal of Psychology. Vol. 140, No. 4, pg. 363-395.
Cuyper, Nele De & Witte, Hans De (2006). Autonomy and Workload Among Temporary Workers: Their Effects on Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, Life Satisfaction, and Self-Rated Performance. International Journal of Stress Management. Vol.13, No.4, pg. 441-459
Denton, David W. & Lawrence S. Kleiman (2001). Job Tenure as a Moderator of The Relationship Between Autonomy and Satisfaction. Applied H.R.M. Research. Vol. 21, No. 2, pg. 105-114.
DeCarlo, Thomas, E. & Sanjeev Agarwal (1999). Influence of Managerial Behaviors and Job Autonomy on Job Satisfaction of Industrial Salespersons. Industrial Marketing Management. Vol. 28, pg. 51-62.
Engko, Cecilia (2006). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Individual Dengan Self-Esteem dan Self-Efficacy sebagai Variabel Intervening. Simposium Nasional Akuntansi 9 Padang. K-AMEN 06.
Elsass, Priscilla M. & Veiga, John F. (1997). Job Control and Job Strain: A Test of Three Models. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology. Vol. 2, No. 3, pg. 195-211
Finn, C.P. (2001) Autonomy: an important component for nurses’ job satisfaction. International Journal of Nursing Studies. Vol.38, pg.349-357
Gellatly, Ian R. & Irving P., Gregory (2001). Personality, Autonomy and Contextual Performance for Managers. Human Performance, Vol.43, No.3, pg. 231-245
Gist, Marilyn E., & Terence R. Mitchell. (1992). Self-efficacy: A Theoritical Analysis of Its Determinants and Malleability. Academy of Management Review. Vol. 17, No. 2, pg. 183-211
Hair, J. F. Jr.; Anderson, R.E.; Tatham, R.L. & Black, W.C. (2006). Multivariate Data Analysis, 6th edition. Upper Saddle River, Prentice Hall International, Inc.
Karasek, R. A. (1979). Job Demands, Job Decision Latitude and Mental Strain: Implications for Job Redesign. Administrative Science Quarterly. Vol. 24. pg. 285-310.
Kauffeld, Simone. (2006). Self-directed Work Groups and Team Competence. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology. Vol. 79, pg. 1-21.
Kreitner, Robert and Angelo Kinicki (2004). Organizational Behavior. 6th edition. McGraw Hill Companies, Inc.
Langfred, Claus W. & Moye Neta, A. (2004). Effects of Task Autonomy on Performance: An Extended Model Considering Motivational, Informational and Structural Mechanisms. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol.89, No.6, 934-945
LePine, Jeffery; Podsakoff, Nathan & LePine, Marcie. (2005). A Meta Analytic Test of The Challenge Stressor-Hindrance Stressors Framework: An Explanation For Inconsistent Relationships Among Stressors and Performance. Academy of Management Journal. Vol. 48, No. 5, pg. 764-775.
Liu, Cong; Spector, Paul E.; Jex, Steve (2005). The relation of job control with job strains: A comparison of multiple data sources. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology. Vol. 78 pg. 325-336
Miao, C. Fred; Evans, Kenneth R. & Zou, Shaoming. (2007). The Role of Salesperson Motivation in Sales Control Sysytem Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation Revisted. Journal of Business Research. Vol. 60, pg. 417-425.
Moncrief, William; Babakus, Emin; Craven, David & Johnston, Mark. (1997) Examining the Antecedents and Consequences of Salespersons Job Stress. European Journal of Marketing. Vol. 31, No. 11/12, pg. 786-798
Morrison, David; Cordery John; Antonia Girardi & Roy Payne (2005). Job design, Opportunities For Skill Utilization and Instrinsic Job Satisfaction. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. Vol. 14, No.1, 59-79
Narayanan, Lakshmi; Menon, Shanker & Spector, Paul E. (1999). Stress in the Workplace: A Comparison of Gender and Occupations. Journal of Organizational Behavior. Vol. 20, No. 1, pg. 63-73
Nguyen, Anh Ngoc., Jim Taylor & Steve Bradley. (2003). Job Autonomy and Job Satisfaction: A New Evidence. Working Paper.
Petty, M.,M., Gail, W. McGee & Jerry W. Cavender (1984). A Meta Analysis of The Relationship Between Individual Job Satisfaction and Individual Performance. Academy of Management Review. Vol. 9, No. 4, pg. 712-721.
Sager, J.K. (1994). A Structural Model Depicting Salespeople’s Job Stress. Journal of The Academy Of Marketing Science. Vol. 22, No. 1. pg. 74-84.
Simmering, Marcia, J.; Noe, Raymond, A; Colquitt, Jason, A.; Porter, Christopher (2003). Conscientiousness, Autonomy Fit and Development: A Longitudinal Study. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 88, No. 5. pg. 954-963
Singelmann, Joachim, & Mencken F. Carson (1992). Job Autonomy and Industrial Sector in Five Advanced Industrial Coountries. Social Science Quarterly, Vol.73, No. 4.
Smith, Eugene Sadler; Ghada El-Kod; Mike Leat (2003). Differentiating work autonomy facets in a Non-Western Context. Journal of Organizational Behavior. Vol.24, Iss.6, pg. 709
Spector, P. E. (1986). Perceived Control by Employee: A Meta-analysis of studies concerning autonomy and participation at work. Human Relations. Vol. 39. pg. 1005-1016.
Thompson, Cynthia A., & David J. Prottas (2005). Relationship Among Organizational Family Support, Job Autonomy, Perceived Control, and Employee Well-Being. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology. Vol. 10, No. 4, pg. 100-118.
Wang, Guangping & Netemeyer, Richard (2002). The Effects of Job Autonomy, Customer Demandingness, and Trait Competitiveness on Salesperson Learning, Self efficacy and Performance. Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science. Vol. 30, No.3, pg. 217-228.
Downloads
Submitted
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2011 Susanti Saragih
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Journal Author(s) Rights
For IRJBS to publish and disseminate research articles, we need publishing rights (transferred from the author(s) to the publisher). This is determined by a publishing agreement between the Author(s) and IRJBS. This agreement deals with the transfer or license of the copyright of publishing to IRJBS, while Authors still retain significant rights to use and share their own published articles. IRJBS supports the need for authors to share, disseminate and maximize the impact of their research and these rights, in any databases.
As a journal Author, you have rights to many uses of your article, including use by your employing institute or company. These Author rights can be exercised without the need to obtain specific permission. Authors publishing in IRJBS journals have comprehensive rights to use their works for teaching and scholarly purposes without needing to seek permission, including:
- use for classroom teaching by Author or Author's institution and presentation at a meeting or conference and distributing copies to attendees;
- use for internal training by the author's company;
- distribution to colleagues for their research use;
- use in a subsequent compilation of the author's works;
- inclusion in a thesis or dissertation;
- reuse of portions or extracts from the article in other works (with full acknowledgment of the final article);
- preparation of derivative works (other than commercial purposes) (with full acknowledgment of the final article);
- voluntary posting on open websites operated by the author or the author’s institution for scholarly purposes,
(But it should follow the open access license of Creative Common CC-by-SA License).
Authors/Readers/Third Parties can copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, as well as remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. Still, they must give appropriate credit (the name of the creator and attribution parties (authors' detail information), a copyright notice, an open access license notice, a disclaimer notice, and a link to the material), provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made (Publisher indicates the modification of the material (if any) and retain an indication of previous modifications.
Authors/Readers/Third Parties can read, print and download, redistribute or republish the article (e.g. display in a repository), translate the article, download for text and data mining purposes, reuse portions or extracts from the article in other works, sell or re-use for commercial purposes, remix, transform, or build upon the material, they must distribute their contributions under the same license as the original Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
